Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV

Public Use Microdata Area (PUMA)

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2020 Population

99,118

0.711% 1-year decline

US Senator

Joe Manchin

Democratic Party

US Senator

Shelley Moore Capito

Republican Party

2020 Median Age

42.8

0.943% 1-year increase

2020 Poverty Rate

14.8%

4.25% 1-year decrease

2020 Median Household Income

$53,687

6.22% 1-year growth

2020 Median Property Value

$135,700

5.19% 1-year growth

2020 Employed Population

37,939

0.506% 1-year growth

About

In 2020, Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV had a population of 99.1k people with a median age of 42.8 and a median household income of $53,687. Between 2019 and 2020 the population of Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV declined from 99,828 to 99,118, a −0.711% decrease and its median household income grew from $50,544 to $53,687, a 6.22% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV are White (Non-Hispanic) (96%), Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (1.77%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (0.752%), White (Hispanic) (0.632%), and Asian (Non-Hispanic) (0.477%).

1.19% of the households in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

99.7% of the residents in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV are Putnam Career and Technical Center (34 degrees awarded in 2020) and Strayer University-West Virginia (20 degrees).

In 2020, the median property value in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV was $135,700, and the homeownership rate was 80.6%.

Most people in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 30 minutes. The average car ownership in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV was 2 cars per household.

Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV borders Jackson, Wetzel, Roane, Braxton, Ritchie, Tyler, Gilmer & Calhoun Counties PUMA, WV, Huntington City PUMA, WV, Charleston City PUMA, WV, Raleigh, Mercer & Fayette Counties PUMA, WV, and Logan, Mingo, Wyoming & McDowell Counties PUMA, WV.

Population & Diversity

Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV is home to a population of 99.1k people, from which 99.7% are citizens. As of 2020, 0.857% of Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV residents were born outside of the country (849 people).

In 2020, there were 54.4 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (95.2k people) in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV than any other race or ethnicity. There were 1.75k Two+ (Non-Hispanic) and 745 Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common non-English languages spoken as the primary langauge in households in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV are Spanish (428 households), Tagalog (Incl. Filipino) (162 households), and Greek (98 households).

Population & Diversity

Residents by Gender and Age

RACE/ETHNICITY

50,188

Women

50.6%

48,936

Men

49.4%

The resident population of United States in 2020 was 99,124 inhabitants, with 49.4% men, and 50.6% women.

The visualization shows the distribution of the residents by gender and age in the United States.

With the upper buttons you can add a filter by race.

Citizenship

99.7%

2020 Citizenship

99.8%

2019 Citizenship

As of 2020, 99.7% of Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.4%. In 2019, the percentage of US citizens in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV was 99.8%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV

White (Non-Hispanic)
95.2k ± 280
Two+ (Non-Hispanic)
1.75k ± 354
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
745 ± 224

0.857%

Hispanic Population

849 people

0.857% of the people in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV are hispanic (849 people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV as a share of the total population.

Global Diversity

Most Common Origin

Philippines
255 ± 392 people
Germany
116 ± 264 people
Honduras
96 ± 240 people

In 2020, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV was Philippines, the natal country of 255 Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV residents, followed by Germany with 116 and Honduras with 96.

Foreign-Born Population

0.857%

2020 Foreign-Born Population

849 people

0.817%

2019 Foreign-Born Population

816 people

As of 2020, 0.857% of Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV residents (849 people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.5%. In 2019, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV was 0.817%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Non-English Households

Most Common Non-English Languages

Spanish
428 households (0.456%)
Tagalog (Incl. Filipino)
162 households (0.173%)
Greek
98 households (0.104%)

1.19% of the households in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language, which is lower than the national average of 21.5%. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

In 2020, the most common non-English language spoken in households in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV was Spanish. 0.456% of the households in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV reported speaking Spanish at home as the primary shared language between all members living in the household.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
2,447 ± 365
Gulf War (2001-)
950 ± 279
Gulf War (1990s)
758 ± 225

Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 2.58 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

The economy of Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV employs 37.9k people. The largest industries in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV are Elementary & secondary schools (2,956 people), General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (2,638 people), and Construction (2,613 people), and the highest paying industries are Medical equipment & supplies manufacturing ($127,090), Legal services ($124,247), and Industrial & miscellaneous chemicals ($97,157).

Males in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV have an average income that is 1.41 times higher than the average income of females, which is $46,243. The income inequality in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV (measured using the Gini index) is 0.422, which is lower than than the national average.

Employment

Workforce Diversity

Measure

RACE/ETHNICITY

18,304

Women

48.2%

19,635

Men

51.8%

The workforce of Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV in 2020 was 37,939 people, with 48.2% woman, and 51.8% men.

The visualization shows the distribution of the workforce by gender and age in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV.

With the upper buttons you can see the distribution of the average salary and add a filter by race.

Occupations

37.9k

2020 Value

0.506%

1 Year growth

± 0.506%

From 2019 to 2020, employment in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV grew at a rate of 0.506%, from 37.7k employees to 37.9k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV, are Driver/sales workers & truck drivers (1,543 people), Cashiers (1,470 people), and Retail salespersons (1,220 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for West Virginia.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in West Virginia (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Industries

Employment by Industries

37.9k

2020 Value

0.506%

1 Year growth

± 0.506%

From 2019 to 2020, employment in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV grew at a rate of 0.506%, from 37.7k employees to 37.9k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV, are Elementary & secondary schools (2,956 people), General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (2,638 people), and Construction (2,613 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV, though some of these residents may live in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$49,142

Median earning men ± $3,281

$30,482

Median earning women ± $1,526

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2020 are Information ($74,107), Transportation & Warehousing, & Utilities ($69,399), and Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting, & Mining ($67,250).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2020 are Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting, & Mining ($71,442), Wholesale Trade ($55,240), and Information ($50,089).

Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for West Virginia.

Y-Axis

8.45%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between May 2020 and May 2021

As of May 2021, there are 145M people employed in West Virginia. This represents a 8.45% increase in employment when compared to May 2020.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in West Virginia.

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Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from West Virginia to other states, or from other states to West Virginia.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

Coal-n.e.c.
$8.42B
Coal
$6.05B
Plastics/rubber
$5.79B

In 2020, the top outbound West Virginia product (by dollars) was Coal-n.e.c. with $8.42B, followed by Coal ($6.05B) and Plastics/rubber ($5.79B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound West Virginia products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for West Virginia.

$65.6B

2020 Value in West Virginia

$114B

Projected 2050 Value in West Virginia

74.3% growth

In 2020, total outbound West Virginia trade was $65.6B. This is expected to increase 74.3% to $114B by 2050.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound West Virginia trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from West Virginia to other states, or from other states to West Virginia.

Most Common Trade Partners

Ohio
$9.85B
Pennsylvania
$5.83B
Virginia
$3.98B

In 2020, the top outbound West Virginia domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Ohio with $9.85B, followed by Pennsylvania with $5.83B and Virginia and $3.98B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that West Virginia shares with each state (excluding itself).

Civics

Joe Manchin and Shelley Moore Capito are the senators currently representing the state of West Virginia. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

West Virginia is currently represented by 3 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Senators Elections

US Senators from West Virginia

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for West Virginia.

Joe Manchin

Senator from West Virginia

Assumed office on November 15, 2010
Elected to the seat to succeed Carte Goodwin, who had been appointed to the seat following the death of Robert Byrd.

Shelley Moore Capito

Senator from West Virginia

Assumed office on January 3, 2015

Joe Manchin and Shelley Moore Capito are the senators currently representing West Virginia.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in West Virginia over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representatives Elections

US Representatives from West Virginia

West Virginia is currently represented by 3 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for West Virginia have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2020, universities in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV awarded 54 degrees. The student population of Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV in 2020 is skewed towards women, with 77 male students and 268 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV are White (42 and 77.8%), followed by Black or African American (8 and 14.8%), Hispanic or Latino (3 and 5.56%), and American Indian or Alaska Native (1 and 1.85%).

The largest universities in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV by number of degrees awarded are Putnam Career and Technical Center (34 and 63%) and Strayer University-West Virginia (20 and 37%).

The most popular majors in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV are General Business (12 and 22.2%), Electrician (7 and 13%), and HVAC & Refrigeration Engineering Technology (6 and 11.1%).

Admissions & Enrollments

Enrollments by Gender and Races

In 2020 there were 345 students enrolled in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV, 22.3% men and 77.7% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 288 records, of which 77.1% were women and 22.9% men.

Completions

Concentrations

Most Common

Electrician
7 degree-majors awarded
HVAC & Refrigeration Engineering Technology
6 degree-majors awarded
Diesel Mechanics Technology
5 degree-majors awarded

In 2020, the most common concentation for 1 to 2 Year Postsecondary Certificate recipients in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV was Electrician with 7 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a 1 to 2 Year Postsecondary Certificate from schools in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV according to their major.

Universities

Gender

Race

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

Putnam Career and Technical Center
34 degrees awarded
Strayer University-West Virginia
20 degrees awarded

In 2020, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was Putnam Career and Technical Center with 34 degrees awarded.

Student Diversity

In 2020, 31 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV, which is 1.35 times more than the 23 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2020 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 42 degrees mean that there were 5.25 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 8 degrees awarded.

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Tuition

Average Net Price by Sector

Private for-profit, 4-year or above ($13,320) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2020.

Private for-profit, 4-year or above ($195) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2020.

Private for-profit, 4-year or above ($1,350) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Measure

In 2020, 0.401% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 0.329% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population of Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV in 2020 were High School or Equivalent (31.9k), Some college (16.1k), and Secondary Education (12.6k).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV was $135,700 in 2020, which is 0.591 times smaller than the national average of $229,800. Between 2019 and 2020 the median property value increased from $129,000 to $135,700, a 5.19% increase. The homeownership rate in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV is 80.6%, which is approximately the same as the national average of 64.4%.

People in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV have an average commute time of 30 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Median household income in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV is $53,687. In 2020, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV was Berkeley, Jefferson, Mineral, Hampshire & Morgan Counties PUMA, WV with a value of $64,295, followed by Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV and Morgantown City PUMA, WV, with respective values of $53,687 and $53,681.

Housing

Property

$135,700

Median Property Value 2020

±$7,159

$31,165

Median Property Taxes

±$1,271

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV the largest share of households pay taxes in the < $800 range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

80.6%

Homeownership

2020

66.3%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2020

In 2020, 80.6% of the housing units in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 79.8%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

In 2020, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV was Berkeley, Jefferson, Mineral, Hampshire & Morgan Counties PUMA, WV with a value of $64,295, followed by Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV and Morgantown City PUMA, WV, with respective values of $53,687 and $53,681.

The following map shows all of the PUMAs in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$53,687

Median Household Income

± $2,763

38.7k

Number of Households

± 1,318

In 2020, the median household income of the 38.7k households in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV grew to $53,687 from the previous year's value of $50,544.

The following chart displays the households in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

Wage Distribution

0.422

2020 Wage GINI in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV

0.419

2019 Wage GINI in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV

In 2020, the income inequality in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV was 0.422 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.605% growth from 2019 to 2020, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even. The GINI for Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2020

Drove Alone (85.3%)
Carpooled (7.15%)
Worked At Home (4.97%)

In 2020, 85.3% of workers in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV drove alone to work, followed by those who carpooled to work (7.15%) and those who worked at home (4.97%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

30 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV have a longer commute time (30 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.9 minutes). Additionally, 3.18% of the workforce in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV have 2 cars.

Poverty

Poverty & Diversity

14.8% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV (14.6k out of 98.1k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.8%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 35 - 44, followed by Males 55 - 64 and then Males 6 - 11.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV is White, followed by Two Or More and Black.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Health

94.5% of the population of Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV has health coverage, with 45.6% on employee plans, 21.9% on Medicaid, 16.2% on Medicare, 8.35% on non-group plans, and 2.46% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in West Virginia was $9,462 in 2014. This is a 5.5% increase from the previous year ($8,969).

Primary care physicians in West Virginia see 1278 patients per year on average, which represents a 0.699% decrease from the previous year (1287 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1760 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 726 patients per year.

COVID-19

Daily New Cases by Date

Showing data at the state level for West Virginia. Hospitalization data for some states may be delayed or not reported.

Y-Axis

This chart shows the number of COVID-19 daily new cases by date in West Virginia, as a 7-day rolling average, compared with the four states with the most similar number of confirmed cases.

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Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for West Virginia.

1,278 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in West Virginia

Primary care physicians in West Virginia see an average of 1,278 patients per year. This represents a 0.699% decrease from the previous year (1,287 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in West Virginia in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Community Mobility

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for West Virginia.

This chart presents movement trends over time in the state of West Virginia across different categories of places such as retail and recreation, groceries and pharmacies, parks, transit stations, workplaces, and residential.

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Coverage

Health Care Diversity

In 2020, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 23.4% under 18 years, 16.8% between 18 and 34 years, 41.1% between 35 and 64 years, and 18.7% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 49.1% were men and 50.9% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

5.49%

Uninsured

45.6%

Employer Coverage

21.9%

Medicaid

16.2%

Medicare

8.35%

Non-Group

2.46%

Military or VA

Between 2019 and 2020, the percent of uninsured citizens in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV declined by 5.74% from 5.82% to 5.49%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Putnam, Boone & Lincoln Counties PUMA, WV changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.